Ransomware Threats and Mitigation for Healthcare -myassignmenthelp

Question: Examine about theRansomware Threats and Mitigation Plan for Healthcare. Answer: Presentation The report is meant to introduce the situation of ransomware assault more than a few scopes of areas, for example, social insurance, government, and media transmission. The ransomware assault is distinguished as WannaCry and it bit by bit spread more than 150 nations and inside 300,000 frameworks. The most influenced nations are perceived to be China and Russia and the explanation is recognized to use of heritage programming and critical effects particularly for UK National Health Service (Shackelford, 2017). The spread of ransomware stopped up the working and action of these divisions much in the wake of propelling the assault in any case. According to the significant discoveries, the Kill Switch did the stunt of easing back the exercises of the influenced segments. Foundation WannaCry ransomware assault is one sort of ransomware that blackmails as a malware and it can encode documents, circles, and it can bolt PCs. The malware sets expectations of rough estimation of $300 to $600 as installment over Bitcoin accounts inside three days instead of unscrambling the taken records. WannaCry spreads all through SMB (Server Message Block) convention that works more than 445 and 139 ports (Mohurle Patil, 2017). Windows working framework regularly utilizes it for make correspondence between record frameworks inside a system lattice. When the ransomware is effectively introduced in a framework; this ransomware first sweeps through the whole framework to discover vulnerabilities exist. WannaCry ransomware first checks about secondary passages inside the framework, for example, DoublePulsar properly exist in the influenced frameworks (Collier, 2017). DoublePulsar and EternalBlue, both can abuse SMB weakness and this data was unveiled from Shadows hacking bunch in Apri l. How the assault is directed and how it hampers the framework exercises are referenced in following advances: Aggressors use yet-to-be-affirmed assault vector at first WannaCry scrambles all records in casualties framework with utilizing AES-128 figure. The ransomware erases the encoded documents shadow duplicates and afterward it shows a payoff note before client mentioning $300 or $600 in Bitcoin. exe is used from wannacrydecryptor.exe; and this starts between tor hub associations so as to interface with the assailant (Gordon, Fairhall Landman, 2017). Along these lines, the tor.exe makes the assault totally hard for following the assailant and it is considered as difficult to find the aggressor. For tainted framework, the IP address is checked and afterward the IP addresses over comparable subnet are filtered so extra uncertain and defenseless frameworks can be associated through port 445 over TCP convention (Batcheller et al., 2017). Once, one framework is associated effectively, the containing information misuse payload is moved. Hazard and Security worries of Ransomware Worldwide effect of WannaCry ransomware is high and it expressed that on a general measure; more than 226,800 ransomware happened as of May 2017. On a gauge, around 30-40 openly realized organizations were under likely classification that confronted significant effect from ransomware assault (Martin, Kinross Hankin, 2017). There were examples of Russian Interior Ministry, Telefonica (Spains biggest media transmission association), and FedEx. UK National Health Service (NHS) was hit with ransomware alongside 16 out of 47 NHS trusts were influenced. Once, the administration recouped from the ransomware assault; routine medical procedure test and some physical checkups were dropped (Martin et al., 2017). There exist some significant reports that China and in excess of 40,000 associations confronted and were influenced and this assault included 60 scholastic foundations also. Russia seemed, by all accounts, to be most noteworthy survivor of this WannaCry ransomware assault. Kaspersky Lab s researched the case and distinguished that Russian associations were running huge extent of dated and un-fixed frameworks (Floridi, 2017). WannaCry ransomware was intended for directing a global assault more than a few nations and numerous frameworks; this ransomware can request the payment sum in 28 unique dialects. At first the vector was picked for WannaCry ransomware was accounted for to be phishing messages and no adequate information existed to demonstrate this data. Nonetheless, some different sources guaranteed about different vectors, for example, open available and defenseless SMB (Server Message Block) for spreading malware in type of worm-life (Wirth, 2017). The disease occurred and the WannaCry ransomware reference points out Kill Switch URL for deciding if the malware is in Sandbox condition. On the off chance that, the URL is unmoved, at that point malware begins to scramble casualty framework records with using AES-128 figure. The encoded documents are affixed with record expansion of .wncry alongside different records (Clarke Youngstein, 2017). Disregarding other ransomware assaults, the WannaCry ransomware completes encryption of casualty framework documents with name changes and made new records notwithstanding until or except if the framework is contaminated. Moreover, a payme nt note is set for appearing in casualties framework (Swenson, 2017). The payment note was readied utilizing text from library of .rtf position (rich content arrangement) documents and note was accessible at various dialects dependent on framework area. The payment request requires paying either $300 or $600 worth of Bitcoin for unscrambling key. When the framework is tainted, the client can see just a screen with guidelines for paying the payoff. Figure 1: WannaCry ransomware screen (Source: Young Yung, 2017, pp. 25) The WannaCry ransomware utilized EternalBlue for misuse, NSA made this EternalBlue, and Shadows Brokers have discharged it during 14 April 2017. The malware has ability of checking indirect accesses existing, for example, DoublePulsar; this also was discharged from Shadow Brokers for aiding in engendering inside customer systems (Yaqoob et al., 2017). On the off chance that, the association is attempting to course through intermediary web get to; the Kill Switch won't stop the continuous assault. Techniques for tending to Risks and Security Concerns In the event that the client sees about the ransomware assault happened to someones framework, and the client can see the expansions changed as the predefined ones. The client can without much of a stretch distinguish themselves as casualties of this ransomware assault (Gandhi, (2017). At the point when somebody recognizes about the situation; at that point the individual can perform following activities to diminish the effects. All system associations ought to be separated from interior and outer stockpiling right away. The PC ought to be closed down and IT groups ought to be immediately educated. Any measure of ransomware ought to be paid to the programmer; as the installment of payoff to the assailants increment odds of criminal operations over the whole biological system and there exists no assurance of getting taken information back (Fimin, 2017). Prior to taking specialists guidance; all reinforcements ought to be kept protected. These were general proposals for clients who presume that the person in question is a casualty of this ransomware. In any case, before this ransomware assault happens, there are some association side proposals and worker side suggestions (Millard, 2017). The association level suggestions are distinguished as following: SMB ports, RDP (Remote work area convention) will be kept hindered over the system matrix just as 445, 139 port for SMB and 3389 port for RDP ought to be blocked. SMB ought to be kept obstructed the association accompanied a gathering strategy or endpoint arrangement. Benefit heightening solicitation for clients ought to be kept from being allowed on the off chance that one client requires running obscure programming as an executive (Mohurle Patil, 2017). Windows working framework and Microsoft programming ought to be fixed up explicitly for MS17-010. Unsupported or outdated working frameworks ought to be reconfigured or redesigned for forestalling SMB and RDP intrusion. All representatives ought to be told for not opening obscure connections over messages (Gordon, Fairhall Landman, 2017). On the off chance that any worker faces question about messages and connection; they should peruse however the mail without opening the connection. Office macros ought to be incapacitated by a gathering strategy. Examining of all connections ought to be considered from each endpoint, terminal, and email doors (Batcheller et al., 2017). The uPNP ought to be impaired over each entryway, firewall, intermediary servers and switches. Some extra insurances ought to be kept up as following that are referenced with important subtleties: Support of reinforcement: The basic information reinforcements ought to be kept up and pace of information age ought to be looked after (Martin, Kinross Hankin, 2017). Course of events ought to be lined up with methodology for reestablishing framework ought to be directed over Business Continuity Plan (BCP). Associations occurrence reaction ought to be checked on and calamity planning plans ought to be confirmed over location recuperation from ransomware occasion. Endpoint and terminal checking: The terminal observing instruments can give perceivability to the IT group indicating strange conduct that may happen over the terminals. The anomalous circumstances can recognize how the ransomware can happen over the endpoints. Antivirus instruments can't follow the ransomware it falls behind ransomware (Martin et al., 2017). Endpoint observing can perform envisioning that procedures and system traffic that run in the endpoints; the endpoint can obstruct the superfluous (conceivably hurtful) forms until check is filtered. Email sifting: The email separating is fundamental for looking over the email connections and this methodology will forestall various malware assaults alongside Locky ransomware. The sifting can find suggested obstructing of executable and compress connection documents alongside separating connections with the goal that manual audit can be performed (Floridi, 2017). The sifting can obstruct the connections for suing secure exchange choice to permit the connections without propelling any unsafe programming

Operational Management Controlling the Production of Goods

Question: Examine about the Operational Management for Controlling the Production of Goods. Answer: Presentation Operational administration is a type of hierarchical administration approach that is worried about controlling the creation of merchandise corresponding to updating the business tasks in the creation of products and enterprises. The operational administration permits the administration to settle on a complete choice in regards to the procedure and the creation framework utilized in the organization. The key administration takes the centrality of entire standards of the board, this is for the most part grasped by the activities of an association that produces substantial items and other creation administrations. Consumer loyalty, productivity, and viability in activity just speak to the significance of operational administration in an association. Gupta and Boyd, 2008 contend appearance of activity the executives approaches will permit the association to have a firm establishment as far as creation and guaranteeing that it delivers the best items that will fulfill the clients needs an d demands(Gupta, 2008). The accomplishment of the association is dictated by the tasks the board advantage, which is controlled by the executives on how they can deliver their items and administrations from existing crude material Then again fabricating association may not utilitarian well with the operational administration approach, this as per the examination led by Voss et al., 2002 in regards to the difficulties which influences the elements of operational administration in an association and the board and strategic authoritative tasks. As indicated by the contextual investigation, Hawkesbury Cabinets is an association which will be utilized to expound on the components and key issues influencing operational administration. Hawkesbury Cabinets Company is an assembling organization which was penned in 2008 by Fung and Mei Chen, they worked the organization by guaranteeing that each part of creation process is contemplated, this was to permit them to pick up client steadfastness just as picking up trust from a similar class of clients. Occupation Shop Production framework is utilized by the organization to make its items and offer types of assistance to their clients. Occupation shop creation framework is portrayed assembling of barely any amount of items and delivered as per the client details this is inside the predetermined time and cost. Avocation of cost and spending plans Avocation of cost and spending plans are the key issue confronting the operational administration in an association, it alludes to the methodology utilized in introducing the expense and spending plan of each line underway, the commitment of defense of cost and financial plan is finished by the monetary division in the organization(Slack, 2010). Hawkesbury Cabinets organization operational administration is confronted with the avocation of cost and spending plan and cost. The way toward dissecting the expense and spending plans for the creation procedure requires proficient person who comprehends the money related, cost and budgetary components which influence the coordination in the creation of products and services(Hill, 2012). As per the monetary revealing gave by Mei Chen, the senior supervisor of the organization shows a significant expense of creation, this identifies with the acquisition of crude materials. Normalization Normalization alludes to the assortment of items which are accessible to the clients, it is one of the key elements which influences operational administration in an association. Normalization in Hawkesbury Cabinets Company is exceptionally talked about, as indicated by contextual investigation examination, it is one of the key components which influenced the operational administration in the organization(Khanna, 2015). Be that as it may, it is one of the segments which makes the effect of activity arranging which is a standard of operational administration. Normalization mirrors the improvement of existing items and administrations, the contextual investigation expresses the effect of the developers which are portrayed to be low volume agreement to the activity of the organization. Manufacturers forced the organization to create items which were normalized contrast with past organization activity, the uniqueness of the normalized item constrained the organization to apply increasing ly material, and this is to deliver kitchen cupboards which satisfy the client needs. Supportability Supportability is a key component which structures some portion of the elements influencing the operational administration of the association. As indicated by the contextual investigation, Hawkesbury Cabinets Company oversees by Fung and Mei Chen they have all appropriated the all the administration obligations among themselves. Operational administration if center towards making a drawn out clients methodologies, this necessitates the organization is liable for making fundamental client activities strategies(Heizer, 2016). Manageability is a component of lean creation hypothesis which is a key creation hypothesis utilized by operational assembling organizations. It is the creation hypothesis which is worried about lessening the loss during the creation procedure while advancing practical business operations(Hitt, 2016). Contextual investigation discloses the absence of maintainable operational administration in Hawkesbury Cabinets Company, economical business operational administration is center towards wiping out the prosperity of the nearby client, Hawkesbury Cabinets Company is understood to just concentrate on the neighborhood client, this is neglecting to differentiate their activity to different clients. Request in assortment of items The interest of assortment of items is an integral part of variables influencing operational administration in an association, especially in an assembling organization. In spite of the reality of fulfilling need, the contextual analysis uncovers the imperatives looked by the organization while endeavoring toward meeting the client demand(Evans, 2002). Hawkesbury Cabinets Company permitted their client to give their kitchen cupboard structure, the organization neglected to consider the difficulties identifying with their interest, ascend in the expense of crude and work cost are made by the broadened creation of merchandise and service(Heizer, 2016). Dispersion technique It is one of the key components that influences the operational administration in an association. It identifies with Inventory Management and appropriation and Logistics which are the essential parts of operational management(Schnsleben, 2016). As per the contextual investigation examination Hawkesbury Cabinets Company tasks the executives is influenced by issue identifying with the conveyance systems and related activity draws near. The custom kitchen items were given need by the organization, this prompts normalize cupboard uncompleted in various creation stages(Khanna, 2015). Also, it builds the work and assignment to the organization the executives, the expansion underway volume didn't coordinate the assembling production line zone. End Taking everything into account, operational administration includes the activities, for example, controlling, planning and dealing with the asset in an association. The fruitful operational administration is encouraged by the application and thought of hypothetical methodologies and related standards, creation framework ought to likewise be considered by the administration as the essential factor in activities the executives. As per the investigation, various components influences the substance and usefulness operational administration, the contextual investigation examination passes on the issues influencing the elements of operational administration at Hawkesbury Cabinets Company. References Anupindi, R. C. S. D. S. D. V. M. J. A. . Z. E., 2011. Overseeing business process streams: standards of tasks the executives.. s.l.:Pearson Higher Ed. Evans, J. R. . L. W. M., 2002. The administration and control of value. Cincinnati, OH: South-Western..South-Western: s.n. Heizer, J. R. B. . M. C., 2016. Standards of tasks the executives: supportability and flexibly chain the board.. s.l.:Pearson Higher Ed.. Slope, A. . H. T., 2012. Activities the board.. s.l.:Palgrave Macmillan. Hitt, M. A. X. K. . C. C. M., 2016. Asset based hypothesis in activities the board look into.. Diary of Operations Management, 41(1), pp. 77-94. Kerzner, H. R., 2013. Task the board: a frameworks way to deal with arranging, booking, and controlling. s.l.:John Wiley Sons. Khanna, R. B., 2015. Creation and tasks the executives.. s.l.:PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd. Schnsleben, P., 2016. Necessary coordinations the board: Operations and gracefully chain the executives inside and across organizations.. In: s.l.: CRC Press.. Slack, N. C. S. . J. R., 2010. Tasks the board. s.l.:Pearson training. Zhang, D. L. K. . S. R. G., 2012. The directing job of relevant factors on quality administration rehearses. Diary of Operations Management, 30(1), pp. 12-23.

The Value of Writing Sample Essays

The Value of Writing Sample EssaysYou may be wondering why you should have practice samples of essay writing. It is a good idea to have a basic knowledge of how to write a good essay and not just an ordinary writing sample that has nothing to do with the type of essay that you are about to submit for a college or university application. The good thing about having good practice writing samples is that you can develop this writing skill without spending too much time in terms of time.Practice writing has been around for ages. It was invented by the great teachers to help students develop their skills in writing. It does not matter what type of student you are; the writing part can be difficult or easy depending on the skill level of the student.If you think that your one on one instructor is the best teacher to learn this skill, think again. There are many other options that you can try. If you are looking for one on one tutoring, you can go online to find a professional who can help you. However, if you need to prepare a group project, the best way to go is to get practice writing samples so that you can see what you should be doing in order to make it a success.One of the ways that you can get these writing samples is by using an online journal. This will allow you to practice as you go, saving you time and energy. It is also good for both teacher and student.In this type of writing, you will have two essays to complete. The first one is the first part of the essay and the second one is the conclusion. The goal is to get the best possible score and be able to show the professor that you know how to write.The other option you have is to ask your friend or someone else to give you practice samples ofessay writing. This will allow you to test out your writing skills with somebody who does not know you well yet. This is good because this will allow you to determine if you can get along with that person in real life.Online writing assignments should be set up by th e person that you are writing for. This will help you know how he/she expects you to complete the assignment. In this way, you know what you should be doing and when you should be doing it. This will also help you be aware of your deadlines, which is important.In summary, having practice samples of essay writing will help you improve your writing skills. It also gives you another set of eyes to see what you are doing and how you should be doing it. This is a valuable tool for any student looking to improve their essay writing skills.

The Debate Over Stricter Gun Control - 929 Words

Gun Control in the United States The debate over stricter gun laws has been ongoing in the United States for quite some time now. Individuals who oppose stricter gun control laws argue that the second amendment to the constitution of the United States constitute part of the bill of rights that protect the right for American citizens to bear arms, and any attempt to set up laws for gun control will be a direct violation on this (Hofstadter 10). They argue that the primary purpose of the amendment was to ensure that American Citizens had the capability to protect themselves against criminal activities and defend the country against external aggression. From a personal perspective, the recent surge in instances of gun violence in the United States of America indicates that stricter gun control laws are necessary for the safety of the American citizenry. Thus, this paper is going to focus on highlighting the benefits of more stringent gun control laws and why members of the public sho uld support it. To better comprehend its advantages an individual should understand that the concept of stricter gun control refers to policies and laws that are designed to help regulate the manufacture, sale, possession, transfer, modification or use of firearms (Braga and David 14). Through the institution of this laws governments/Law enforcement agencies will be able to control and reduce incidences of gun related violence within the U.S TheShow MoreRelatedThe Debate Over Stricter Gun Control Laws924 Words   |  4 PagesThe debate over stricter gun laws has been ongoing in the United States for quite some time now. Individuals who oppose stricter gun control laws argue that the second amendment to the constitution of the United States constitute part of the bill of rights that protect the right of American citizens to bear arms, and any attempt to set up laws for gun control will be a direct violation of this (Hofstadter 10). They argue that the primary purpose of the amendme nt was to ensure that American CitizensRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Gun Control875 Words   |  4 Pagesissue of gun control laws has become a prevalent topic of debate throughout American society. This debate stems from two opposing arguments over gun control. Some feel gun control laws are fair and not the contributing factor to these mass shootings, whereas, others feel that there is an urgent need for strict laws in order to end the problem of mass shootings. There are numerous pros and cons to the enforcement of stricter gun control laws but we must note a few things: stricter gun control laws wouldRead MoreGun Control Essay973 Words   |  4 PagesA debate that has lasted since the beginning of the United States is the debate over guns. What started off as a debate over who should have guns in colonial times, ended up a debate over whether the government should impose stricter laws or leave gun rights alone. There are numerous reasons to have stricter laws, such as the prot ection of society, but there are still people who oppose strict gun laws. First, let me give a brief history of this public concern. The issue of gun control has beenRead MoreThe Modern Debate Concerning Gun Control1490 Words   |  6 PagesThe modern debate concerning gun control became a popular subject after a number of high profile assassinations that occurred in the 60s. Even more gun violence in the 1980’s and 90’s also brought up more debate, proving the desperate need for stricter gun laws in the United States. In 1999, there was a massacre at Columbine High School. This catastrophic school shooting made congress reconsider passing stronger gun control laws by making them realize how easy it was to get a hold of firearms. OneRead MoreGun Control1724 Words   |  7 PagesEnglish 1302 5th march 2013 Sides of Crime Control Gun control laws have been surrounded by controversy since The Bill of Rights, including the Second amendment was passed in the congress. A well-regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed, the founders wrote. Until recently there was considerable argument over just what the founders intended by their words. Did they mean to provide only for armedRead MoreThe Debate Over Gun Rights984 Words   |  4 Pagesstrengthen gun laws had been in place, many mass shootings, such as the one in Aurora Colorado, could have been prevented. The United States needs to implement stricter gun laws. The controversial debate over gun rights is as old as the history of the United States. It is time for lawmakers to create and enforce stronger restrictions on guns. There have been too many high profile/ mass shootings in the recent years for people to continue ignoring the problem of people’s easy access to guns. With a richRead MoreGuns, Ammunition And Its Negative Effects On Society944 Words   |  4 PagesIssue Question: can the availability of guns, ammunition and its negative effects on society be a thing of the past? Claim: An analysis of the United State gun culture reveals their negative effects on society. Thesis paragraph: In the wake of recent killings and mass shooting in sandy hook and other locations across the country and communities, there has been public cries for the need for stricter gun laws and regulations. Gun violence has become a major problem facing the country. Day inRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography On The Gun Of The Teeth : The Worldwide Plague Of Small Arms1597 Words   |  7 Pagesis one gun for every ten people on earth today. The people who supports gun control believe that if we are trying to save the world, guns for wars should not be shipped around for individual uses. There have been around 400 million deaths due to small arms and conflicts since the fall of the Berlin Wall. Once a person owns a gun, it is very rare that they will be willing to give the gun up. In South Africa, guns have been melted down, blown up, and cut into pieces. If there were stricter gun controlRead MoreGun Control: Annotated Bibliography738 Words   |  3 Pages Frates, Chris. â€Å"The Gun Debate Isn’t Over Yet.† National Journal (2013): Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center. Web. 31 Oct. 2013. In this article written by Chris Frates, the author talks about how democrats and republicans are going back, and forth on gun control laws. Both parties are finding it difficult to come to an agreement. While leaving republicans asking the question â€Å"How do you take away Americans 2nd Amendment?† It’s a tricky situation as republicans, and congress continue to tryRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control1058 Words   |  5 Pagesthe United States currently than that of gun control. Advocates on either side of the issue are quick to voraciously fight for what they believe, as well as to tear down anyone who sees the issue differently. But unlike other issues, it seems that gun control advocacy does not rest on a spectrum; either you are pro-gun control or you are against it, and anyone caught in the middle is likely to get flak from both sides. But why is the issue of gun control such a hot topic? And why is it that there

Fear Of The Color Black - 2675 Words

How would you describe African American men? Stereotyping is a way of placing general characteristics on a certain group of people. Racial stereotypes of African Americans were prevalent in the United States during the nineteenth century. Whites became associated with positive meanings such as superiority, safety, and cleanness while African Americans became associated with negative meanings such as sexual monsters, dangerous, and deviance. For example, The Scottsboro trial was about nine black youths charged with raping two white women in the state of Alabama. In a series of trials the youths were found guilty and sentenced to death. In addition, Candyman, directed by Bernard Rose, is about a son of a former slave who fell in love with a†¦show more content†¦What the quote is explaining is that the boys were found guilty of their crime and were sentenced to death, but the reason for their death was not only for raping two white women, but to have crossed social boundaries. According to both Dredge and Tabor the reason behind the death of the Scottsboro boys was to set an example that inter-racial relationships amongst the blacks and whites were forbidden. The white culture didn’t want this same occurrence happening again, so they used the Scottsboro trial as an outcome if someone would want to cross social boundaries. Therefore, to show how the Scottsboro trial exposes the fear of the white society can be seen through a different description were an African American male was killed for having an inter-racial relationship. In the article â€Å"Seeing Red Over Black And White: Popular And Media Representations Of Inter-racial Relationships as Precursors to Racial Violence† by Barbara Perry and Michael Sutton, the authors state, â€Å"The recent U.K. murder of Anthony Walker attests to the lingering antipathy, indeed hostility, toward intimate inter-racial relationships,Show MoreRelatedFreedom, Without Qualification Is An Important Piece O f `` Americana ``1595 Words   |  7 Pagescomplicated nature becomes an important topic when comparing the free and enslaved black women in three antebellum narratives: Harriet Jacobs’s Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, Melton A. McLaurin’s Celia, a Slave, and Harriet E. Wilson’s Our Nig. Freedom is obviously preferable to enslavement—this fact is indisputable. Millions of male and female slaves risked their lives to escape slavery; no free person of color wanted to be enslaved. 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Racism was alive and just like a disease, it spread rapidly and affected the way black individuals were treated during this time period. As these black individuals attempted to live their lives freely, they entered a time period where JimRead MoreWhy Are All The Black Kids Sitting Together Essay1293 Words   |  6 PagesIn her book â€Å"Why Are All the Black Kids Sitting Together in the Cafeteria?† , Beverly Daniel Tatum, explores the identity of racial development in the United States. She analyzes the definition of racism as well as the development of racial identity. Along with these topics she in turn offers possib le solutions to racial problems that plague us today. Tatum uses David Wellman’s definition of racism to set up the way racism is talked about in this book, however I mildly disagree with this definitionRead MoreOstracism And Discrimination953 Words   |  4 Pagesnation where people are being killed for their skin color, where black people were considered property because they were black, where people that are different get bullied and viewed differently from everyone else. Our nation has always been far from being completely united. Even in today’s society, whites get a bigger advantage than blacks do in some areas. Sometimes, people would use extremely inappropriate remarks to people with a different skin color than them. One huge issue that contributes to theRead MoreThe World And Me Essay1231 Words   |  5 PagesTa-Nehisi Coates’ Between the World and Me is in essence about the rigors inflicted on people of color, and specifically black people, by America. His work goes on in depth about the challenges black people face in America, the communities and the world view they grow up in. Coates’ work is masterful at boiling down and explaining the problems that people of color face, from the outright racism of a brutal police force to subtler forms of similarly dangerous discrimination in the classroom, in politicsRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1084 Words   |  5 PagesA fear of darkness is built into mankind. It is an innate sense of fear associated with the unknown dating back thousands of years. The Scarlet Letter defines the sources of darkness through a thematic symbol: black. Nathaniel Hawthorne uses the color as a device to explore the inherent idea of black being a symbol of darkness. Characters, settings, items, and even times of day are associated with the onyx hue as the story progresses. Black corresponds with with the devil, also known as th e BlackRead MoreThe Gap Between Whites And Blacks1120 Words   |  5 Pageswhile the gap between whites and collective blacks does not shrink. The authors argue that in group versus out group hostilities will lessen between the whites and honorary whites, however this will only increase their in group size compared to the out group of the collective blacks and only create new tensions while strengthening old ones between these two groups. This will be because the collective blacks will feel more segregated from their lighter skinned counterparts. This type of grouping willRead More Racism in The Color of Fear Essay879 Words   |  4 PagesRacism in The Color of Fear Let’s start with the definition of racism. Racism refers to the belief that race is the primary determinant of human capacities, that a certain race is inherently superior or inferior to others, and/or that individuals should be treated differently based on their ascribed race. There are two main issues in the movie the â€Å"The Color of Fear† that I will discuss. These two issues include grouping people of color on the basis of the way one looks, and the attitudesRead MoreSexism and Racism in â€Å"The Color Purple† Essays870 Words   |  4 Pagesfeel every person should care about sexism and racism, because these two issues affect everyone. â€Å"The Color Purple† is a great film that focuses on the problems African American women faced during the early 1900s. The Color Purple provides a disturbing and realistic account into the life of Celie, a poor southern black woman with a sad and abusive past and Sophia, another poor southern black woman with a sad and abusive past. Sexism is a form of discrimination based on a persons

Community Colleges and Partnerships Essay - 1946 Words

In Barnett and Hughes’ (2010) article that focuses on the â€Å"three important milestones† that lead to college completion, the authors dissect the best practices used across the country by colleges and high schools to get their students on the track to success in college. They found that dual enrollment of classes, which occurs when high school students are allowed to take college courses at the same time, and earn college credit upon completion, addresses the three main milestones identified. Dual enrollment also adds value for students and assists in helping students become acclimated to college. Although some states have restrictions on who can take dual enrollment, (ex. Must have a 3.0 GPA) the focus seems to be shifting away from those†¦show more content†¦Setting up a bridge program to local businesses upon graduation or during courses to gain experience that could lead to a job would be tremendously advantageous to all involved. In the introduction of Gaines’ (2012) study of partnerships in urban locations, he immediately makes the astute observation that students in the 21st century are entering college without having even basic academic skills needed to succeed in college, as proved by the statistic that fifty percent of all students entering college requires remediation. Gaines (2012) finds that this is a national problem by investigating the main goals of particular schools, and concludes the goals include graduation and keeping jobs with a state. The author suggests that these goals are measurable and quantitative, but don’t measure actual learning or readiness for collegiate level academia, which should be a major emphasis. Instead of trying to find a quick fix, collaborations were found to be effective long-term when institutions are committed to working toward the desire to change services and delivery; establishing goals and outcomes; and intentionally working to achieve said goals (Gaines, 2012). 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Management - Efficiency and Effectiveness free essay sample

A manager, as defined by Bergman, Coulter, Robbins and Stagg (2009), is someone who coordinates and oversees the work of others so that organisational goals can be accomplished. Further to this definition management, which is essentially what mangers do, involves ensuring that work activities are completed efficiently and effectively. There are three specific categorisation models to explain what exactly it is that managers do: †¢Management Functions (Henry Fayol) †¢Management Roles (Henry Mintzberg) †¢Management Skills (Robert L.Katz) Throughout this assignment reference will be made to Ms Williams, a middle manager working for The National Library of Australia, whom I interviewed in order to examine these aspects of Ms Williams’ work. Ms Williams is the ‘Manager of Offsite Reference Services’ at The National Library, a large organisation within the public sector. In essence Ms Williams is responsible for the close supervision of a team of staff, whom with reference to the library catalogues and databases etc. provide answers to library reference enquiries.Ms William’s must also spend time at several service points throughout the library to provide the public with assistance when required. In this assignment I will be discussing how each of the management models apply to Ms Williams’ work and how they are relevant to achieving efficiency and effectiveness. Management is almost entirely concerned with getting things done and determining how to get things accomplished although there is a debate over whether more concern should go into low-cost production or complete satisfaction of goals and objectives.These two paths are known as the decisions which separate effectiveness and efficiency. Efficiency and effectiveness are often considered synonyms however when the definitions are examined a distinction between the two can clearly be seen. Effectiveness is ‘doing things right’ meaning conducting the right activities and applying the best strategies for competitive advantage. Efficiency on the other hand is ‘doing things right’ – it defines whether processes are completed using the least resources and in the shortest time possible.After analysing these definitions one can see a clear difference and understand better how trying to balance both efficiency and effectiveness can have major implications for business of all sizes. High performance requires the efficient and effective use of an organisation’s resources through management functions, roles and skills. Ms Williams’ job description, the management of a small team of employees in charge of answering a considerable number of reference enquiries, demands a high level of efficiency and effectiveness as responses must occur proficiently and within a certain time frame.Henry Fayol, a French industrialist during the early years of the 20th century, proposed that all mangers perform five functions. These classical functions provide clear and discrete methods of classifying the thousands of different activities that mangers carry out and the techniques they use in terms of the functions that perform for the achievement of organisational goals (Carroll Dennis 1987).To help accomplish this efficiently Ms Williams in involved in implementing PC software to aid staff in responding to enquiries as well as writing guidelines and manuals to assist staff members. The effectiveness of Ms Williams’ team in measured through process implemented by Ms Williams to ensure enquires are answered within service charter deadlines. The effectiveness of the organisation can also be monitored through Fayol’s controlling function. Ms Williams is in charge of conducting daily checks of enquiries waiting to be answered and following up with overdue enquiries as well as any complaints the library has received to ensure organisational goals are achieved.Further to Fayol’s five funct ions of management Henry Mintzberg, a prominent management researcher, observed managers at work and concluded that there are ten management roles or ten specific categories of management behaviour which fall into three different categories: †¢Interpersonal (Figurehead, Leader, Liaison) – Involve people and other duties that are ceremonial and symbolic in nature †¢Informational (Disseminator, Monitor, Spokesperson) – Involve receiving, collecting and disseminating information †¢Decisional (Entrepreneur, Disturbance handler, Resource allocator, Negotiator) – Roles that revolve around making decision When portraying the disseminator Ms Williams’ communicates the results of regular performance reports to other organisation members, facilitates regular staff training sessions and passes on feedback from clients. This role is significant when aiming to complete work efficiently and effectively and it allows for areas requiring improvement to b e identified and necessary changes to be made either by Ms Williams as a middle manager, or top level management. There are many different service points around the library at which the general public are able to ask a library staff member for help and information face to face. Ms Williams is often appointed to these different service points and as such becomes a figurehead for the National Library and in this role Ms Williams is able to efficiently provide the public with the information they require.One of the most relevant roles Ms Williams plays regarding the efficiency and effectiveness of her work is that of the entrepreneur. In this role Ms Williams is a member of a number of different steering groups within the organisation – staffing coordination, Web 2. 0 group and the catalogue improvement project group. In these groups Ms Williams is able to aide in the management of reference software, including undertaking the testing of new software, enabling her to influence software choices which have a direct effect on the level of efficiency achievable by the organisation. In order to better perform their duties manager require certain skills dependent upon their level of management. Another prominent researcher, Robert L.Katz, found that managers require three essential skill types: †¢Technical – Knowledge of and proficiency in a certain specialised field †¢Human – The ability to work well with other people individually and in a group †¢Conceptual – The ability to think and conceptualise about abstract and complex situations Ms Williams started working at the National Library in a non-managerial position in which she acquired an immense amount of technical knowledge. In order to provide the answers to public enquiries extensive knowledge of library catalogues and databases is essential and the greater the level of knowledge, the more efficiently responses can be compiled. This knowledge has been retained despite her advancement within the organisation and in order to lead her team Ms William’s has developed superb managerial knowledge. This coupling of managerial and technical skills is of great importance in regard to achieving efficiency and effectiveness.O’Neal (1985, as cited in Fleet Peterson 2004) stated that without these fundamental skills â€Å"managers cannot effectively plan, direct, control, or assess work activities. † Human skills are necessary to all mangers as they are always working with others and Ms Williams work in no exception. Most of Ms Williams’ time is spent closely supervising a team of staff members and this close proximity offers great encouragement to all team members to maintain a high level of efficiency and effectiveness. Evidence of the efficiency and effectiveness Ms Williams’ managerial job leads to can be seen throughout the functions, roles and skills of management she performs.Organising is the most imperative function Ms Williams’ involved in and with 16,000 enquiries per year to answer efficiency as crucial. In order to communicate responses to the public the spokesperson role is essential when aiming for efficiency and effectiveness. Technical skills are indispensable for Ms Williams’ as her job revolves around the efficient and effective use of the library and its systems. By analysing Ms Williams’ position we are able to establish why efficiency and effectiveness are relevant to her job. When we examine her job in relation to the different managerial functions, skills and roles we are able to ascertain exactly how it is she is able to achieve efficiency and effectiveness within the workplace.

The Wireless Telecommunications Industry

The wireless Telecommunications Industry Wireless communication is one sector of business that has undergone phenomenal growth over the past few years. The number of individuals using mobile devices like cell phones, I phones, laptop and palm to computers has drastically increased even in the developing and third world countries. This growth in market has attracted a lot of attention in this sector attracting new entrants to compete with the traditional communication giants.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on The Wireless Telecommunications Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Monopolies are described in economics as the existence of a firm or corporation that has so much control over the market that they have a significant influence on whether a new entrant in the market will succeed or not and if they do enter, on what terms (Heywood and Guangliang, 2009). Monopolies are generally discouraged in most eco nomies with laws put in place to regulate it. Certain monopolistic behaviour can sometimes play to the disadvantage of the smaller new entrants thus the need of regulation to avoid unfair competition. Oligopolies on the other hand are markets whereby there are just a few product or service providers. This is normally characterised by stiff competition and marketing strategies that always have the competitor’s reaction in mind. Oligopolies have sometimes been perceived better than monopolies because the end consumer then has a sense of choice and the cost of products and services are self regulated (Heywood and Guangliang, 2009). The wireless communication industry is probably one of the best examples of oligopolistic markets. For many years there have been just but a handful of wireless communication firms dominating the market. The main players have been Nokia, Samsung, Sony Ericsson and LG; but with growing markets, new entrants have been attracted into the market. The i ph one by apple is probably the best example of a new entrant. Apple focussed on great innovation to take mobile communication to a whole new level. They came up with the I phone that allows the users to get their e mails directly on their phone just like text messages while supporting all the other conventional phone features. China has also come into the market with phones similar to the ones made by the original players. All these combined have put pressure on the traditional top players both in terms of pricing and innovation. The china phones are a lot cheaper but perform all the functions as the original phones plus extras like TV reception. I do not however think that the competition can push out some players because despite the cheap prices, the cheap phones have some downsides like shorter lives and poor batteries. The traditional leaders are therefore almost guaranteed to keep the upper class markets.Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The stock prices of the big firms are not likely to be affected because if the firms maintain top quality products then their reputations will remain protected. Reseller phones now available in the market are likely to work against the cheaper Chinese phones rather than the large firms because of the prices. The big firms in the market are only likely to change their strategies in separating their markets. This they can easily achieve by dedicating a department within their firm to cater for the lower end market by providing good quality phones but at affordable prices. This would take care of the competition from china. They would also need to invest in innovation to counter competition from the ever emerging new technologies. They would also need to diversify their products to include other services. The graph below shows how these services were distributed in Japan (home of the giants in telecommunications in dustry) for the year 2009. Products Services Figure 1. IBISWorld (2009) After all is said and done, it is the end consumer that is bound to benefit from all this competition and innovativeness because they will get quality products at affordable prices. References Heywood, J., Ye, G. (2009). Delegation in a mixed oligopoly: the case of multiple private firms. Managerial and Decision Economics, 30(2),  71- 82.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on The Wireless Telecommunications Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More IBISWorld .(2009). Products and services[pie chart]. Retrieved from IBISWorld, Wireless Telecommunications Carriers https://www.ibisworld.com/industry-trends/market-research-reports/information/broadcasting-telecommunications/wireless-telecommunications-carriers.html This term paper on The Wireless Telecommunications Industry was written and submitted by user Braelynn Mccarthy to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Antrax essays

Antrax essays Antrax is a rough infectious disease caused by Bacillus anthracis, a positive gram bacteria, aerobe formed from endospores, encapsulated, that can be half ordinary cultivated. The vegetative cell is large (1-8 microns in longitude, 1-1.5 microns wide). The size of a spore is approximately 1 micron. Spores grow rapidly in all cultivated ordinary labs at 37degrees celcius. Its cell morphology and colonial allows its identification by an experienced microbiologist, even though few microbiologists outside of the vetinary community have seen antrax colonies more than in text books. The three virulence factores are: the edema toxin, the deadly toxin and a capsular antigenic. Etymology: Anthracis originated from the Greek word for carbon, anthrakis, because the disease causes black superficial injuries like carbon. The toxic properties of B. anthracis were not recognized until 1954. Previously, due to the tremendous number of observed bacteria in infected animal blood (>109 bacteria/ ml), it was supposed that death was due to the capillary obstruction, But experimentaly it was demonstrated that only approximately 3 million cells/ml are necessary to cause the animals death. Besides, the animals plasmic infection cells contain a toxic that causes antrax symptoms when it is injected in normal rabbits. From these observations it is concluded that exotoxin plays an important role in the pathogeny of antrax. Cepas: There are two even varient colonial(s) a rough(r) that are related with the ability to form a capsule. The R varients are relativaly avirulent. The capsule is not toxic, it acts as protectionj against phagocytosis and it plays its most important role during the establishment of the disease, and a less significant role in the last phase of the disease that is measured by antrax toxin. An antrax toxin component has a deadly action form that at this time is not discovered. Death is apparantly due to th ...

Project management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Project management - Research Paper Example A project is not a routine task, it is a certain set of functions designed to achieve a particular goal. Sometimes the project team involves people who usually do not work together; they are acquired from different departments, different organizations & different localities. In simple terms, Project Management involves a temporary group activity. Project Management is related to the application of knowledge, techniques & skills to complete a project efficiently & effectively. It is a strategic decision by the organization to enhance their competencies by tying the project outputs to the organization’s objectives. Previously project management referred to the collection of project data & metrics for evaluation & then accordingly making changes to increase efficiency & productivity. For the past decades, this area of management have become quite popular within the corporate world because of the following reasons- (ds.psu.edu 2) The average salary of a project manager is quite hi gh in comparison to the managers of other domain. Every year, a huge amount is spent for the purpose of accomplishing various projects. Lately, project management has been included as a subject of study in various educational institutes. It acts as a control mechanism for various projects. Project management helps in controlling the human capital, budget, quality, resources, time frames & communication. Project Life Cycle Projects always have a starting date & an ending date which means just like products, projects also have a definite life cycle that starts with the starting date & ends with the ending date. The diagram shows the different phases of a project life cycle- (weill.cornell.edu 1) Here we are given a particular business case where we have to modify the present structure of the University into a Wi-Fi enabled campus. We need to replace all computers & introduce iMacs for the classroom. Also we are required to complete the job within the month of June as the research woul d start from July onwards. We need several staffs for this purpose. Selection of the appropriate option for the given business case The appropriate solution that has been selected for the business case is requesting financial aid from the government as it is a reliable source of funds. On the basis of this option we are going to discuss further about this case with the help of the A3 tool. The context of Toyota can be considered while exploring the concept of A3. The managers of the company implement a tool called A3 that is named keeping in mind the internationally accepted paper size.A3 consists of a series of boxes arranged in a template. The boxes include the operations in the following order- 1. To establish the context of the business & the importance of a specific issue 2. To define the present status of the problem 3. To identify the desired outputs 4. To analyze the circumstances to ascertain causality 5. To offer countermeasures 6. To establish an action plan 7. To chalk o ut the follow-up process This method helps the managers to train others regarding the analysis of the root-cause & channel them towards scientific thinking. This is a tool for constant improvement & learning. We are required to use one management tool for the current business case & we would consider applying the A3 framework.

Are Rising U.S. Tensions with Russia and China Signs of a Return to Research Paper

Are Rising U.S. Tensions with Russia and China Signs of a Return to the Cold War - Research Paper Example 4. The missile defense system has caused Russia to deploy its ballistic missiles across Europe. 5. China and Iran have a close eye on US movements in Afghanistan, and its trembling relations with Pakistan. There are negligible or no chances of a second cold war among US, Russia and China because: 1. The three nations are matured and developed to make a mistake they made long ago. 2. It is not in the strategic interest of the three nations that such a war takes place. 3. There is much at stake, and a lot to lose if the war eventually breaks out. 4. US has its hands full with Afghanistan and Pakistan, it will risk going to war with a super power which can cause irreparable damage. 5. Iran is of significant concern to US at the moment. Americans will not risk Iran becoming a nuclear power for notorious reasons. Let us consider the chances of another cold war erupting among the Three Titans. The first cold war started in 1945 and went on till 1991, with the eventual defeat of the Soviet Union. The named cold war comes from the ability of nations to be in a state of war without direct military involvement. Military action is to be avoided because of the fact that it would bring a nuclear catastrophe to the nations’ door step. ... War.1 The question in one’s particular mind would arise that if there is no military involvement, then how is it possible to be in a war situation? These battles are fought through military coalitions, strategic conventional force deployment, and nuclear arms race. The rivalry is also seen at the level of sports and technology. The most famous technological competition between US and Russia is the Space Race. Military alliances such as the US led NATO and the Soviet Union led Warsaw Pact agreements were enforced to display military might.2 Considering the current situation between the Titans, we can asses that an environment is being built towards such a catastrophe. China seems to be very upset with the US movements in Afghanistan and its influence in the political mainstream of Pakistan. On the other hand, Russians are strongly condemning the US movements on the European soil. Its move to deploy Missile shields have irritated the Russians to an extent that led to a Georgian pounding some time back. Georgia is an ally of the US, but at the time when Russia was all out thrashing it, the Americans could only sit and watch the show because any US move would have been at the cost of war with Russia. The story of conflict does not end with Europe or Pakistan, Missile Shield or the US movements in Afghanistan. The three nations are of very different opinion on the matter of Iran. The Islamic republic of Iran is accused by the US of developing nuclear weapons or the WMDs. Iran suggests that its nuclear program is for civilian reasons and it has the right to use nuclear technology for civilian reasons. The US has tightened its sanctions on Iran and is threatening it to go to any limit possible to stop it from developing nuclear weapons. The extent could be by bombing its

Designing and Integrating Information System

Designing and Integrating Information System 1. INTRODUCTION As computer technology changes at fast pace, many businesses sectors also upgrade their computer system constantly in order to stay competitive. For such, the function has become indispensable asset of the companies that process enormous amount of data and complex transactions. Payroll is an example of a complex transaction a company has. Its preparation is crucial since it involves accounts and requires confidentiality. The use of an integrated information system will facilitate the accomplishment of jobs easier, faster and more efficiently. According to Kanchov (2006), application program is the bridge between the users and the database, where data are stored. Thus, a well-developed application program and database ensure the reliability, flexibility, and functionality of an information system. Information technology use aims at increasing the efficiency and reliability of management and monitoring of records. Steven M. Bragg (2006) says that in payroll system the timekeeping function is coming under increasing attack, as cost accountants realize that the cost of administering a detailed timekeeping system is exceeding the value of the result information. This issue can be resolved either by reducing the level of timekeeping effort until the effort expanded equals the utility of the resulting information (which may result in the complete elimination of the timekeeping function) or by more fully automating the timekeeping and payroll functions, so that the cost of the system administration is reduced to the point where it is once again a cost-effective means of tracking labor activities. According to Chowdury (2008), Inventory System is known to be used by many financial institutions. PIM (Perpetual Inventory Method) system maintains an up-to-date record of accurate level of goods at hands by ensuring that stocks are accounted for at all times. The process includes details of all recording purchase and sales receipts and issues and running balances of all stocks. In line with this, the researchers proposed for Balaod Mindanaw Incorporated a LAN Base system for a fully secured and reliable data, easy maintenance, and quicker data retrieval. Balaod Mindanaw Incorporated has decided to automate its transactions. BALAOD-Mindanaw traces its beginnings to Balay Mindanaw Foundation, Inc. (BMFI) legal program as implemented by the LARGE (Legal Assistance for Agrarian Reform, Governance and Empowerment) Unit. BALAOD Mindanaw is a non-stock, non-profit organization that aims to help in the advancement of the legal and justice issues of different marginalized sectors and communities in Mindanao in the context of active peoples participation in governance. BALAOD sets forth in following organizational goals to promote paralegal formation and provide other legal services to marginalized sectors and communities in Mindanao; to conduct capability-building interventions on local legislation and dispute resolution; to provide a venue for networking and alter native legal assistance for law practitioners, law schools and law students in Mindanao; and to facilitate the creation of a favorable policy environment responsive to the needs of marginalized sectors and communities in Mindanao. 2. FRAMEWORK This study designed and developed an integrated information system to facilitate better operations of the organization. The researchers used the Practical Approach to Payroll Administration and Shared Services Approach. Practical Approach will create an awareness of statutory laws (eg. Employment Act, CPF Act, SDF Act, Income Taxt Act, and others) and give the overview of the components of a computerized payroll system. Also the approach will help develop an understanding of compensation components and the latest trends affecting payroll administration ( Subbu and Daofen, 2006). Shared Services Approach is an operational philosophy that involves centralizing administrative functions that were once performed in divisions or locations. Services that can be shared among the various business units of a company include finance, purchasing, inventory, and payroll (Sherman, 2008). Figure 1 illustrates the context diagram of developed Integrated Information System for Balaod Mindanaw, Inc. It shows the system relationship for the four entities: the Finance Officer, Employee, Librarian, and the Supply Officer. The system will automatically calculate the number of work hours of every employee and the deduction for every employees absence and under time. The system will send the information to other entities, applying the shared service approach by which information like employee information, books available in the library, and budget and inventory of every department are circulated. 3. Objective of the Study 3.1 General Objective of the study This study aimed at designing and developing an Integrated Information System for Balaod Mindanaw, Inc. The system is intended to minimize the effort of the user in the processing of payroll slip, payroll form, library slip, library form and in the monitoring of supplies. Also, the system is intended to create a well-arranged database to implement strong data security system. 3.2 Specific Objectives of the study The study sought to accomplish the following specific objectives: 3.2.1. To access the present payroll system of Balaod Mindanaw, Inc. 3.2.2. To profile the respondents in terms of age, gender, civil status, birth date, birth place, province, home address, current home address, family information, and education. 3.2.3. To identify the underlying problems of the present system involving the processes on payroll, library, inventory and the monitoring of supplies. 3.2.4. To determine the accuracy and effectiveness of the present system and the possible benefits of the proposed information system. 4. Statement of the Problem The study specifically sought to address the following problems of Balaod Mindanaw Inc: 4.1. The HR uses only papers to record employee information. Such system slows down the retrieval of data. 4.2. The file can easily be damaged and lost. 4.3. Double checking the consistency of supply records is time-consuming. 4.4. Financial computations are time-consuming and prone to mathematical errors that may cause financial or legal trouble. 5. Scope and Limitation The proposed system covers the process of budget monitoring for every department, requisition of equipment and books in the library, inventory of supplies, and monitoring of expenses of every department. The proposed payroll system covers the keeping of Daily Time Record for computing the exact wages of each employee. The system can do the following: 5.1. Compute monthly net income, deductions, and loans such as SSS, Philhealth, COLA, Emergency loans, PAG IBIG, and withholding tax. 5.2. Calculate budget allocation plus expenses of every department 5.3. Add book borrows records 5.4. Add employee information 5.5. Add employees login and logout records 6. Significance of the Study The proposed system will benefit the following entities: The Manager. The system will provide the manager with reliable and accurate reports concerning the companys budget and equipment use. The Supply Officer. The system will help the supply officer conduct an inventory of the supplies to generate reliable reports for referencing. The Finance Department. The system will help the finance department monitor all the expenses of every department and conduct liquidation anytime. Also, the department can process the payroll faster and accurately. The Company. The system will give the company the advantage over other companies that still use the traditional way of running the operations. Also, it will help the company increase its performance to satisfy its clients. The Future Researchers. The findings of the study will serve as basis for developing related system for other companies or establishments. 7. Output The output of the study is the Integrated Information System for Balaod Mindanaw, Incorporated. A complete Program Structure, Database Specifications and Design, and System User Manual go with the software. All program source codes are also fully documented and compiled. 8. Research Methodology The researchers used the simplified water fall model, which illustrates the sequential software development process in which progress is seen as flowing steadily downwards through the phases. Water fall development has distinct goals for each phase development from conceptualization through designing, implementation, testing, installation, troubleshooting, deployment of the system, and maintenance. 8.1. The Requirement Gathering and Analysis. The researchers surveyed literature and interviewed the user about the companys present system so that the system limitations could be identified and addressed 8.2. System Design.A system with applications addressing the present systems limitations was designed and developed. 8.3. Implementation. The developed system was applied given the permission of the company. 8.4. Testing.The developed system was subjected to interface testing, functionality testing, and front-end and back-end integration testing. 8.5. Deployment of the System.After a series of testing, the system was deployed to the working environment. 8.6. Maintenance. Lastly, it is very likely for the developed system to encounter system errors and unexpected bugs. Thus, the researchers will diagnose and resolve unknown issues. Further, the researchers will consider further enhancement of the database system. 8.1 CURRENT SYSTEM Narrative Description of the Current System First, every department submits a projected expense to the finance department or a proposed budget for the entire year, and then the finance department presents the projected expense of every department to the manager for approval. If the budget is approved, the finance department grants the approved budget to the department to be utilized within one year. If the budget is not approved, the finance department returns the projected expense to the department for adjustment or modification. Second, every department requests for supply to the supply officer. The supply officer asks the finance department for the budget. Then the budget for supply is submitted to the manager for approval. If the budget is approved, then the finance department gives the budget to the supply officer for the purchase of the requested supply. Then the purchased supply is given to the requesting department. 8.2 PROPOSED SYSTEM Narrative Description of the Proposed System The employee registers to indicate login and logout. The registration serves as reference for payroll. Every department sends its budget request through the system. The finance can view the budget request. The finance then presents the budget to the manager for approval. Once the requested budget is approved, the finance notifies the department as to the approval of the budget. The manager can view all transactions. For the supply requisition, the department sends the request to the supply officer. Then the supply officer forwards the request to the finance officer for the budget. Once the budget for the supply is approved by the finance officer, the supply officer canvasses and purchases the requested supply. The supply will then be delivered to the requesting department. The supply officer monitors the deliveries and declares the status of materials, and decides replacement of them. The finance department can add employees records and accounts and view the expenses of the entire de partment. The librarian handles all the book and journals. All book records are kept by a library staff. If the employee borrows a book, the librarian records the details of the book and the borrowers name. If the book is lost by the borrower, the librarian submits a note about the lost to the HR Department. 9.2 DATABASE STRUCTURE The system uses one database, which is the IISBalaodMindanao. It contains many tables and stores information such as employees record, daily time record, basic salary. And also, the system monitors the status of books in the library and other essential data. 9.3 Data Dictionary EmployeesProfile FamilyInfo WorkExperience WorkDescription Organization ImportantSeminar EducationalProfile Skills Talents Interest Logout Login Books BookDetails BookBarrowed DATA FIELD TYPE DATA TYPE

Dagoberto Gilb :: Essays Papers

Dagoberto Gilb Dagoberto Gilb was born in Los Angeles in 1950. A mix of gritty humor, mundane terror, and economic misfortune distinguishes his short stories. His life has been neither easy nor subdued, and these influences are reflected in his writing style and choice of subject matter. The short story entitled â€Å"Love in L.A.,† by Dagoberto Gilb, shows how one can see many reasons in seeing irony and even satire by the story’s title and how all is stories combine in someway. Dagoberto Gilb’s childhood was spent running wild in a bad part of Los Angeles. At the age of eighteen, Gilb decided to attend college, obtaining degrees in Philosophy and Religious studies. It was during this period that he began to keep personal notebooks. Following completions of a master’s degree, he became a journeyman carpenter from 1976 – 1991, which provided the flexibility to devote large blocks of time to writing. He is married to a woman named Rebeca, and has two children named Antonio and Ricardo. Gilb worked in the Department of English at the University of Texas in 1988, the University of Arizona in 1992, and the University of Wyoming in 1994 (â€Å"Dagoberto Gilb†) Literary magazines were not remotely interested in publishing Gilb’s stories, which focus primarily on the professional and personal struggles of working-class Mexican Americans. But his unapologetic stories about working-class Mexican Americans have made him a voice of his people (Reid130). Gilb’s short stories are set vividly in cites of the desert Southwest and usually feature a Hispanic protagonist who is good-hearted but often irresponsible and is forever one pink slip or automotive breakdown away from disaster (Reid130). Gilb was persuaded to submit some of the 750 pages of his unpublished stories to the National Endowment of the Arts, and, when he won a grant, it enabled him to take time to put together a collection of his work. That was The Magic of Blood, which was published in 1993 and won him a PEN Hemingway Award. The following year, recognition abounded in the form of prestigious literary awards and a flood of critical attention for The Magic of Blood (â€Å"The Magic of Blood†63-74) Gilb has earned many awards including the Institute of Letters Award for best book of fiction and best short story in 1993. In El Paso, he gave up on New York publishing and sold his story collection to the University of New Mexico Press. Dagoberto Gilb :: Essays Papers Dagoberto Gilb Dagoberto Gilb was born in Los Angeles in 1950. A mix of gritty humor, mundane terror, and economic misfortune distinguishes his short stories. His life has been neither easy nor subdued, and these influences are reflected in his writing style and choice of subject matter. The short story entitled â€Å"Love in L.A.,† by Dagoberto Gilb, shows how one can see many reasons in seeing irony and even satire by the story’s title and how all is stories combine in someway. Dagoberto Gilb’s childhood was spent running wild in a bad part of Los Angeles. At the age of eighteen, Gilb decided to attend college, obtaining degrees in Philosophy and Religious studies. It was during this period that he began to keep personal notebooks. Following completions of a master’s degree, he became a journeyman carpenter from 1976 – 1991, which provided the flexibility to devote large blocks of time to writing. He is married to a woman named Rebeca, and has two children named Antonio and Ricardo. Gilb worked in the Department of English at the University of Texas in 1988, the University of Arizona in 1992, and the University of Wyoming in 1994 (â€Å"Dagoberto Gilb†) Literary magazines were not remotely interested in publishing Gilb’s stories, which focus primarily on the professional and personal struggles of working-class Mexican Americans. But his unapologetic stories about working-class Mexican Americans have made him a voice of his people (Reid130). Gilb’s short stories are set vividly in cites of the desert Southwest and usually feature a Hispanic protagonist who is good-hearted but often irresponsible and is forever one pink slip or automotive breakdown away from disaster (Reid130). Gilb was persuaded to submit some of the 750 pages of his unpublished stories to the National Endowment of the Arts, and, when he won a grant, it enabled him to take time to put together a collection of his work. That was The Magic of Blood, which was published in 1993 and won him a PEN Hemingway Award. The following year, recognition abounded in the form of prestigious literary awards and a flood of critical attention for The Magic of Blood (â€Å"The Magic of Blood†63-74) Gilb has earned many awards including the Institute of Letters Award for best book of fiction and best short story in 1993. In El Paso, he gave up on New York publishing and sold his story collection to the University of New Mexico Press.

Membrane Permeability

The Neurophysiology of Nerve Impulses and Effects of Inhibitory Chemicals on their Action Potentials Aferdita Sabani Biol 2401. C5L Dr. Endley March 20, 2013 Introduction Cell structure and function can be defined in many aspects but one the most important characteristic is that it is enclosed within a cell membrane called a plasma membrane. The plasma membrane is by-layer composed of lipids and embedded proteins. This membrane is semi-permeable due to its hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions.At the boundary of every cell the plasma membrane functions as a selective barrier that allows nutrients to be brought in and/or removed from inside the cell. The cells permeability and transport mechanisms allow for this occurrence and it is vital for a functional and healthy cell. Transport through the plasma membrane occurs in two basic ways: passive and active processes. The passive transport process is driven by the concentration or pressure differences between the interior and exterior envi ronment of the cell.According to Kenyan college biology department, â€Å"Simple diffusion is when a small non-polar molecule passes through a lipid bilayer. It is classified as a means of passive transport. In simple diffusion, a hydrophobic molecule can move into the hydrophobic region of the membrane without getting rejected†. Particles diffuse passively through small pores within the plasma membrane and they also move from an environment of high concentration towards an environment with lower concentration. Osmosis is a type of diffusion when it comes to water transport.Both diffusion and osmoses move substances down their concentration gradient. Facilitated diffusion is also passive transport, but does not involve the simple movement through pores and lipid dissolving. In this case a carrier protein in the membrane is introduced to facilitate the transport of substances down their concentration gradient. Active transport is not passive because energy in the form of cellu lar ATP is required to drive the substances across the membrane, therefor the cell must spend some f its energy to get through or move against the concentration gradient. In one type of active transport the substance gets across the membrane by forming a substrate –enzyme complex where the substance is picked up by a carrier protein and are then able to move into cell. This combination is lipid and large so energy is needed to defy opposing forces. According to Pearson/biology, â€Å"Active transport uses energy to move a solute â€Å"uphill† against its gradient, whereas in facilitated diffusion, a solute moves down its concentration gradient and no energy input is required. If an experiment was conducted where the conditions of transfer were manipulated by adding in larger membrane pores, increasing protein carriers, increasing pressure and adding higher levels of ATP for active transport the rates of transfer will increase providing an optimal level of reactions. E xperimental Methods and Materials In conducting this experiment the materials needed were a computer the PhysioEX 8. 0 C D and the Anatomy and Physiology Lab Manual because this was a computer simulated experiment. Activity One: Simple DiffusionTwo beakers were placed next to each other and joined by a membrane holder. Four membranes were used and each possessed a different molecular weight cut off (MWCO) consisting of 20, 50, 100, and 200 MWCO; and were tested using NaCl, Urea, Albumin, and Glucose solutions. First, the 20 MWCO membrane was placed in the membrane holder between the beakers and the first solute studied was NaCl. A 9mM concentrated solution was dispersed into the left beaker and the right beaker was filled with deionized water. This transfer was allowed 60 minutes.At the end of this time lapse the results were recorded (see result section of the report). The 20 MWCO membrane was removed and each beaker was flushed for the next run. A membrane with the 50 MWCO was pla ced between the beakers and the steps performed above were repeated using the 9 mM NaCl solution for 60 min. and then repeated again for the 100 and 200 MWCO, as described by the A & P Lab Manual by Marieb and Mitchell. The next solutions tested were Albumin, Urea, and Glucose. All were placed into the left beaker independently and the tests were run exactly like that for NaCl.Activity Two: Facilitated Diffusion In this experiment the set-up of the two beakers and membrane holder was used again. Only NaCl and Glucose solutes were used and membranes with 500, 700 and 900 glucose carrier proteins The 500 membrane was placed between the beakers and the glucose solution with a concentration of 2. 00mM was delivered to the left beaker. The right beaker was filled with deionized water. The timer was set for 60 minutes. When the time was up the data was recorded and the beakers were flushed to set up for the next run.The same steps were repeated using the 2. 00 mM glucose solution with the 700 and 900 carrier protein membranes, separately for 60 minutes. The last run of this transport mechanism was done by increasing the 2. 00mM to 8. 00mM glucose concentration. This experiment was done the same way as above for each of the 500, 700 and 900 carrier protein membranes for 60 min. respectively. Activity 3: Osmotic Pressure In this experiment pressure readers were added in order measure osmotic pressure change and were placed on top the two beakers.A 20 MWCO membrane was placed between the beakers and a NaCl concentration of 8mM was put into the left beaker. Deionized water was placed into the right beaker. Time was set at 60 minutes. The pressure steps were repeated with the 50, 100 and 200 MWCO membranes Activity 4: Active Transport This experiment resembled the osmosis experiment except that an ATP dispenser was substituted for the pressure meters on top of the beakers. In this experiment it was assumed that the left beaker was the inside of the cell and the right bea ker was the extracellular space.The membrane used had 500 glucose carrier proteins and 500 sodium-potassium pumps. Membrane was placed between the beakers and a NaCl concentration of 9. 00mM was delivered into the left beaker and a KCl concentration of 6mM was dispensed into the right beaker. The ATP was the changing variable in this experiment. 1mM of ATP was dispensed and transfer was observed for 60 min. It was observed when no ATPmM was applied and finally when 3mM ATP was applied. Results Activity 1: Simple Diffusion TABLE 1 Dialysis Results (average diffusion rate in mM/min) Solute| Membrane (MWCO)| 20| 50| 100| 200| NaCl| No diffusion| 0. 0150| 0. 0150| 0. 0150| Urea| No diffusion| No diffusion| 0. 0094| 0. 0094| Albumin| No diffusion| No diffusion| No diffusion| No diffusion | Glucose| No diffusion| No diffusion| No diffusion| 0. 0040| NaCl had no diffusion until the 50 MWCO was introduced and then it had a constant rate through the larger pored membranes. Urea diffused at 1 00 MWCO and up. Albumin had no diffusion through any of the membranes and Glucose diffused only through the 200 MWCO membrane. Activity 2: Facilitated Diffusion TABLE 2Facilitated Diffusion Results (glucose transport rate (mM/min) | Number of glucose carrier proteins| Glucose concentration(m/M)| 500| 700| 900| 2. 00| 0. 0008| 0. 0010| 0. 0012| 8. 00| 0. 0023| 0. 0031| 0. 0038| As the number of glucose carrier proteins increased so did the rate of transfer for both concentrations of glucose. The higher concentration of the 8. 00 m/M had a faster rate than that of the 2. 00 m/M glucose concentration Activity 3: Osmotic Pressure TABLE 3 Membrane (MWCO) | Solute| 20| 50| 100| 200| Na* Cl-| 272| 0| 0| 0| Albumin| 136| 136| 136| 136|Glucose| 136| 136| 136| 0| The osmotic pressure was highest and only occurred with the 20 MWCO membrane. Albumin had a constant pressure of 136 mm Hg with every membrane and Glucose had constant pressure of 136 mm Hg until it was relieved when the 200 MWCO mem brane was introduced. Activity 4: Active Transport Table 4 Run: 1 Solute| ATP| Start Conc. L| Start Conc. R| Pumps| Carriers| Rate| Na*| 1. 00| 9. 00| 0. 00| 500| ——–| 0. 0270| K*| 1. 00| 0. 00| 6. 00| 500| ——| 0. 0180| Glucose| ———| 0. 00| 0. 00| ——-| 500| 0. 0000| Run: 2 Solute| ATP | Start Conc. L| Start Conc.R| Pumps| Carriers| Rate| Na*| 0. 00| 9. 00| 0. 00| 500| ——–| 0. 0000| K*| 0. 00| 0. 00| 6. 00| 500| ——-| 0. 0000| Glucose| ———-| 0. 00| 0. 00| ——–| 500| 0. 0000| Run: 3 Solute| ATP | Start Conc. L| Start Conc. R| Pumps| Carriers| Rate| Na*| 3. 00| 9. 00| 0. 00| 500| —–| 0. 0050| K*| 3. 00| 0. 00| 6. 00| 500| —–| 0. 0033| Glucose| ———| 0. 00| 0. 00| ———| 500| 0. 0000| When 1 ATP was dispensed the Na and K transported at a higher rate than when 3 ATP was dispense d and there was no transport when ATP was absent. Discussion Activity 1: Simple DiffusionUpon observing the results for all of the solutes with the 20 MWCO membrane between the left beaker and the artificial external environment of deionized water in the right beaker no diffusion occurred, because the pores were not large enough for them to pass through. An observation that is important to note is that even the small ions of NaCl did not diffused here, so it is obvious that the other molecules would also not diffuse. At 50 MWCO the pores were just large enough for the dissociated NaCl ions to get through but the threshold stopped there because Urea, Albumin and Glucose molecules in the solute were too large.Observations of the diffusion of the solutes with the 100 MWCO membrane showed that all but albumin and Glucose passed, so urea size was now compatible for the size of this pore. Finally, when the 200 MWCO membrane was introduced everything except Glucose got through because it i s a very large molecule that cannot diffuse simply. It must be facilitated. Activity 2: Facilitated Diffusion In the facilitated diffusion of Glucose the parameters that were introduced were the number of carrier proteins available for transport in the membrane.According to the results, when there was a 2. 00mM concentration of Glucose in the left beaker there was evidence of diffusion based on the measured rate of diffusion in mM/min. As the number of carrier proteins increased by 200 between 500 and 900 the rate between 0 . 0008 to 0. 0012mM/ min also increased by 0. 0002 min into the beaker. When 8. 00mM of Glucose was placed in the left beaker with the same carrier protein membrane criteria of 500, 700, and 800 the rate increased. The rate was actually faster than that of the 2. 00 mM concentration.As the concentration of glucose raised the demand for the protein attachment increased so more carrier proteins got involved, while previously some were just hanging out because there was less glucose to transfer. Activity 3: Osmosis In this experiment the study was based on the transfer of water across a membrane. Osmosis of water tends to balance out concentrations, so it will flow to an area of higher solute concentration. Water flowing to a more concentrated solution will usually increase in volume but in this closed system for the experiment the focus was on the increase of pressure.The solutes were confined to their area by a semi-permeable membrane based on the pores of the membrane and the size of the molecules in the solute. With 8mM of NaCl with a 20 MWCO membrane the pressure reading was 272 mHg because the salt was not able to pass through the membrane, but the water diffused to the salt side so there was pressure causing and unequal balance, but with the membranes of 50, 100 and 200 MWCO there was no pressure because the membrane became permeable to the salt allowing an equilibrium between he beakers, therefore no pressure. In the case of Albumin, t he water diffused building up pressure until there was no more water left to diffuse so pressure remained constant at all MWCOs. The same occurred with Glucose until the membrane was replaced with the 200 MWCO membrane. Glucose was able to diffuse thus resulting in equilibrium in both beakers. Pressure will rise until equilibrium is obtained. Activity 4: Active TransportThe experiment showed that at 1 ATP the reaction took place at very slow rate and not completely. Without ATP the transfer didn’t take place at all. When 3 ATP’s were added transfer took place quickly and almost completely. The more ATP introduced to the cell, the faster and more complete the transport will occur which is very important for the transport of glucose since it is a substrate for the production of more ATP.

Examples and Uses of Metals and Nonmetals

Most elements are metals, but quite a few are nonmetals. Its important to be able to distinguish between the different types of elements. Here are lists of five metals and five nonmetals, an explanation of how you can tell them apart, and some examples of their uses. Five Metals Metals usually are hard, dense conductors, often exhibiting a shiny metallic luster. Metallic elements readily lose electrons to form positive ions. Except for mercury, metals are solids at room temperature and pressure. Examples include: IronUraniumSodiumAluminumCalcium Five Nonmetals The nonmetals are on the upper right-hand side of the periodic table. Nonmetals typically are poor electrical and thermal conductors and dont have a metallic luster. They can be found as solids, liquids, or gases under ordinary conditions. Examples include: NitrogenOxygenHeliumSulfurChlorine How to Tell Metals and Nonmetals Apart The easiest way to identify whether an element is a metal or nonmetal is to find its position on the periodic table. A zigzag line runs down the right side of the table. Elements on this line are metalloids or semimetals, which have properties intermediate between those of metals and nonmetals. Every element to the right of this line is a nonmetal. All other elements (most elements) are metals. The only exception is hydrogen, which is considered a nonmetal in its gaseous state at room temperature and pressure. The two rows of elements below the body of the periodic table also are metals. Basically, about 75% of elements are metals, so if youre given an unknown element and asked to make a guess, go with a metal. Element names can be a clue, too. Many metals have names ending with -ium (e.g. beryllium, titanium). Nonmetals can have names ending with -gen, -ine, or -on (hydrogen, oxygen, chlorine, argon). Uses for Metals and Nonmetals Metals uses are directly linked to their qualities. For example: Shiny metals such as copper, silver, and gold are often used for decorative arts, jewelry, and coins.Strong metals such as iron and metal alloys such as stainless steel are used to build structures, ships, and vehicles such as cars, trains, and trucks.Some metals have specific qualities that dictate their use. For example, copper is a good choice for wiring because it is particularly good for conducting electricity. Tungsten is used for the filaments of light bulbs because it glows white-hot without melting. Nonmetals are plentiful and useful. These are among the most commonly used: Oxygen, a gas, is absolutely essential to human life. Not only do we breathe it and use it for medical purposes, but we also use it as an important element in combustion.Sulphur is valued for its medical properties and as an important ingredient in many chemical solutions. Sulfuric acid is an important tool for industry: It is used in batteries and in manufacturing.Chlorine is a powerful disinfectant. It is used to purify water for drinking and filling swimming pools.